OSCE QUESTIONS
60 year old female who came with complaints of shortness of breath which were intermittent and increased since the last 2 months after clinical examination was diagnosed with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma 1. Cardiac Asthma : In a case which may present as intermittent shortness of breath can also be a case of cardiac asthma and clinical examination should be done to differentiate cardiac asthma from bronchial asthma Cardiac asthma is not a true form of asthma; it is a manifestation of congestive heart failure. It results from the accumulation of fluid in the lungs due to impaired cardiac function. The differentiating factor of bronchial asthma is it's intermittent nature. 2. Action of Biguanides: 3. Role of adipokines in Insulin resistance: Adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ to secrete 'adipokines' and works with the liver and brain to maintain an energy hemostasis. These adipokines have varying effects—some exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, while